Tobacco pipe



Sept. 9,. 1,941.. A. BAcKUs' '2,255,144

TOBACCO PIPE Filed Junea?, 1938 Awe Zia/gl@ INVENTOR;

Patented Sept. 9, 1941 UNITED` STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,255,144`v I TOBACCO PIPE u Albert Backus, San Francisco, Calif. -egppiiationiune 27, 193e, serial No. 215,969 v g1cla'im. (01431-218) My invention relates to new and novel improve? ments in the bore of thevbowl of smoking-tobacco pipes to burn the tobacco without suppressing combustion and inco-operation therewith to provide a new and novel compact superior cooler for the smoke to pass through within a middle section of the stem, to provide highly improved results; and the objects of my invention are, rst, to provide for improved combustion by changing old lfeatures that vcause a suppression of combus- 'tion resulting in dampness and smoldering and in the formation of poisonous carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogenin the lower half of the tobacco receptacle where the Vcapacity for tobacco is usually large or the means for supply of oxygen for proper combustion are too limited, 4said improved. combustion is attained by means of a conical bore in the lower half of thetobacco receptacle having the shape of an inverted conical frustum to reduce the tobacco load and to cause a contraction of the smoke and an increase in the supply of oxygen by means of improved draft in the lower half of said receptacle in order to supply an adequate amount of oxygen to support combustion to the vdegree required to burn the tobacco withoutsmoldering clear down tothe reduced bottom of the tobacco receptacle by means of a plurality of slots in said bottom forming a grill-shaped opening to communicate with a smoke passage in the stem directly under the tobacco receptacle; second, tov guard against del- Veterous smoke caused by expansion of smoke in 'both the hot lower part of the bowl andthe hot part'of the stem and to aid inv the prevention of toxic results from the nicotine and other chemicals in the tobacco as well as numerous chemicals in the air that are drawn through the fire in the tobacco receptacle includingl a varying high percentage of water vapor and varying small amounts of carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitric and sulphuric acids which, in a smoldering ire, produce pyridine and other harmful substances and toxins in the smoke; third, to separate the smokei cooling section ofthe stem from the heat of the bowl by providing a comparatively short stem slightly increased in thickness to serve asa divideand as a nonconductor of heat between the v,bowl and the cooling section of the stem which "is frictionally connected with the integral stem to the bowl,V said cooling section consists vof a cas- A ing having a comparatively longcylindrical bore and a short bit formed integrally withsaid casing to complete the entire stem of the pipe, saidvcasing being provided with a solid cylindrical core divided into two connected sections separated by an annular recess to serve as a trap for moisture and to retain solid matter, each section having a continuous longitudinally inclined helical groove with reverse U `turns adjacent each end of each section, whereby said groove alternately reverses and parallels each preceding groove causing the smoke to travel longitudinally in a spiral practically from end to end of each section of said i core many times its length to cool the smoke sion of smoke to cause excessive moisture, all of which is provided in said easing requiring a bore approximately the size and length of a cigarette to accommodate ve parallel grooves, in two of which the smoke travels toward the bowl and in three toward the bit which together with the enclosure of the casing forms a long, continuous, circuitous duct in each of said sections, without increasing the prevailing length of the pipe and with only a slight change inthe prevailing popular shape of the combined parts forming the entire stem of the pipe; fourth, to provide a sectional supercooling core without any hole in it to complicate manufacture and cleaning, in combination with a cylindrical casing with a bit formed integrally therewith which may be easily molded used in other pipes or in a. cigarette holder; the

and assembled and which is also adapted to be i saturated; and fifth, to provide a bore in the bowl that is also adaptable for holding a tobacco cartridge to contact only a small part of the wall of the lower portion of the tobacco receptacle vand to provide an open space between the rest of the wall of said receptacle and the fire therein.

'Ihe ultimate objective being to solve a scientic chemical problem by providing a compact pipe, simple and practical to manufacture, that v will properly burn tobacco and coil the smoke so as to retain the pleasant nicotianin aromatic odor and. the essential oily andresinous flavor of the which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross section of my tobacco 'pipe showing the improved tobacco receptacle and theshort bit I0 formed integrally with the cylindrical casing 9 which encloses the cooling core B, together with the embodiment of the preferred form of my invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional View through the bowl as indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Figure 5 is a. longitudinal sectional .view ci a modified form of the cylindrical casing 9 enclosing cooling core B lwhere said cooling core is formed integrally with the bit I and frictionally connected with said casing. This form of bit, core and cylindrical casing is interchangeable with the form shown in Fig. 1 and may also be used as a cigarette holder.

Figure 6 is a general diagrammatic illustration of the smoke path throughout the length of the cooling core.

Referring more particularly to'the drawing wherein like characters of reference `designate corresponding parts,`the bowl I is formed with a straight bore 2 toA substantially one-half of` its depth and terminates in a tapered bore 3 which extends downwardly to the reduced bottom' 4 of the tobacco receptacle' A. The bottom 4 is nearly 'fiat and is slotted to form a grill-shaped opening 5 substantially asshown in-Fig. 2 to communicate with'passage 1. Directly beneath the grill Sand extending longitudinally and co-axially with the stem 5 is a smoke passage 'I formedfin the stem 6 `withk an increased diameter in the end to providefa chamber 8 adapted to receive the tubular extension of 'the cylindrical casing 9which is formed integrally with the short bit IIJ.- The preferable `material for the bowl and its Vintegral stem :being Vbruyre but other suitable material maybe used.

uniform`v diameter, formed Vin 'two sections I3 and I4,separated Aby anannular recess I5, is adapted to vfit snugly within thecylindrical 'chamber II and extends substantially the entire Vlength thereof. The live parallel longitudinally -inclined grooves I6 are formed in thesurface of each of the core sections I3 and` I4 and are helically disposed thereon with reverse turns formingva continuous duct through each section. The forward end of one groove IB extends to the end of core section I3 nearest the smoke passage 1 and'communicates with chamber 8 as at'fI'I whileY the opposite end of another groove l5 communicates with the annular recess I5 at I8. The grooves I6 are otherwise alternately connected together by two reverse bends in said grooves adjacent each end ofthe core section I3 as .shown at I9 and illustrated in Figurel 6, .to form one continuous groove, reversing-twice,:between `the Ypoints I1 vand I8 which, withthesurface 'of chamber II,

forms a continuous -smokevpassagefnearly ve times the length of cooling core I3. Similarly, the grooves I6 are formed and connected by reverse turns on the core section I4 to form a continuous, circuitous smoke `passage-from the an-V nular recess I5 at 20 to the end of the bore and slotted passage I2 at 2 I.

A diagrammatic illustration of the helical smoke passage with reverse turns formed on the core sections I3 and I4 is substantially shown in Figure 6.

The core sections I3 and I4 are shown of unequal length, it being advisable to have the longer section I3 nearest to the bowl to provide a suiiicient lengthof smoke passagein front of the annular `recess I5 to hold the vmajor condensation of moisture from the air and the tobacco that mixes with the smoke. The annular recess I5 serves as a trap for said moisture as the smoke 'passes between the points I8 and 20.

The forward end ofcore B is formed with a button `22 to facilitate the removal of said core from'chamber I I for cleaning.

. adapted to `fit Asnugly, around thecore-B-and against ashoulder v23 vformed `onthe bit I0- In this instance thevcooling core Bris removedffrom the chamber II Yby pulling outthe-bit I0.

Something lsimilanto `a twist drill vbit may be used `to clean-the small-.bore in the integralistem of the bowl vto remove caking caused from heat, without forcing sediment .into :the grill. This .bore seldom requires cleaning.

-The pipe illustrated. in .the drawing shows the core of vthe .size and length-ofa-cigarette which is adequateforproper cooling. .This size of core accommodates. five parallel grooves of the proper ksize for Asmoke passage. A 4 core -with three place, to which type I ymake no claim whatever.

The otherhasa downward communicationto a large chamber beneath the bottom of the tobacco receptacle. lThis latter type, which I am..n'ot claiming broadly, but to which I have vdirected my-newimprovements, provides a measure of improved combustion due to Vdownward drainage, but fails to yeliminatecarbon monoxide,`fails to provide an adequate free draft, fails to :eliminate thev large, hot expansion chamber directly beneath the bottom yof the tobacco receptacle,fails .to eliminate metal tubesl and metal'cooling. elements in the integral stem of the bowl and fails toLprovide adequate cooling means in the bit` section of the stem to counteract the added heat .caused from improved combustion.

To overcome such objectionable features I. have based-my new improvements on the results vof certain basic experiments, .as follows:

vThat a uniformlyylarge. bore in the bowl suppresses combustion .in 'its lower half causing a .lwet heel and carbon monoxide inthe smoke-a .productof incomplete combustion which` comi blnes with the hemoglobin of the blood, expelling oxygen.

y 'I'haty a frusto-conical bore in the lowerhalf of the tobaccovreceptacle with aigratefshaped vv`openingmfthrough ithe Yreduced ybottom, improves That metal in the hot part of the stem intensifies heat and has a deleterous eiect on the smoke,

That smoke cannot be cooled in a hot or Warm part of the stem at or near the hot bowl,

That a large bore or chamber in a part of or through the entire integral stem of the bowl, as in the old pipes, releases large deposits of hot nicotine and other poisonous products in the hot section of said stem causing foul aqueous vapors and excessive moisture, that do not occur in a constricted bore in said position, and

That a reversal of the unitary plan of a pipe, completely changing the position of the cooling chamber, radically enlarged and re-shaped, and placing it entirely into the cool detachable stem section, is based on the proven fact that cool nicotine deposits do not emit foul odors, as is the result when allowed to accumulate in a hot chamber near the bowl. p

I do not claim broadly, the old bit section of the stem having a marked taper that allows only a short, moderately enlarged bore in the end that is detachably connected with the integral stem of the bowl, nor the old large bore in the upper hall of the tobacco receptacle, nor the small, old bore in any part of the stem when used as a side entrance to the tobacco receptacle.

All other parts described herein are claimed as newly constructed or so radically enlarged and re-shaped and positioned or radiacally reduced and positioned or radically reconstructed as to constitute new parts for the purpose of improving the final result, in a new complete combination, each part designed to accomplish its individual purpose at a place Where such function is necessary l I claim:

A solid cylindrical core to fit snugly and slidably into a cylindrical casing, said core having a continuously advancing and reversing spiral groove in the surface of said core to carry smoke back and forth in spiral paths along the periphery of said core, all substantially as set forth.

' ALBERT BACKUS. 

